Other studies have found no link between low calcium absorption and PPI use. Some researchers suggest that some people are prescribed a PPI without needing one, and that discontinuing use could reduce the risk of infection. One study of data for 63, hospital admissions to a hospital in Boston, MA, from January through December , found that patients using PPIs had a percent higher chance of developing hospital-acquired pneumonia.
Over half of the patients admitted were prescribed a PPI, and 2, of them acquired pneumonia in the hospital, or 3. A study in the United Kingdom U. Nexium and other PPIs may be associated with hyperplasia, or a thickening of the stomach lining, which could lead to a benign tumor.
However, evidence supporting this is limited. Some studies have found a correlation between PPIs and chronic kidney disease , but it is not clear whether the link is causal. Some evidence suggests that, because gastric acid breaks down food, and because PPIs reduce the levels of acid, nutritional deficits may occur.
Some researchers have suggested that PPIs might interfere with the absorption of calcium, iron, and vitamin B 12, but more studies are needed to confirm this. There are many confounding variables, however, and how these factors interact is not yet fully understood.
The strongest evidence for nutritional shortfalls is in regard to magnesium. Nexium is a competitive inhibitor of the enzyme CYP2C19, so it might affect drugs that rely on this enzyme. Diazepam and warfarin are broken down by CYP2C If these are used alongside a PPI, level of active ingredients in the body might rise. Using this type of drug alongside Nexium will reduce its effect.
Ketoconazole and atazanavir are best absorbed in an acidic environment. Ketoconazole is an antifungal treatment, and atazanavir is used in HIV therapy,. An overdose can lead to :. Research published in found that people using a PPI had an In , over 15 million Americans were using a prescription PPI. Statistics suggest that between 40 and 70 percent of patients are given some kind of PPI during a stay in the hospital.
Lipman, M. If you have heartburn at least twice a week for weeks or months on end, have frequent regurgitation of food into your throat or mouth with or without heartburn , or if antacids or H2 blockers do not relieve your symptoms, you may have GERD. For that, our medical advisors urge that it's time to see your doctor about it. If you are diagnosed with GERD, your doctor may recommend you take a PPI to reduce the acid in your stomach and allow any irritation or ulcers in your throat to heal.
You should know that, although effective, the drugs might not provide immediate relief; they can take up to four days to start working. Because of the risks mentioned above, our medical consultants suggest minimizing how long you take a PPI.
You'll likely need to take it for at least four weeks if you have ulcers in your throat to give them enough time to heal. Once it's time to stop taking them, ask your doctor for strategies to slowly taper the PPI because quitting suddenly could trigger rebound heartburn symptoms.
While there are no set guidelines for discontinuing PPIs, one strategy is to reduce your dose by half every week—for example taking it every other day for one week, then switch to only taking it every few days for week. Editor's Note: These materials were made possible by a grant from the state Attorney General Consumer and Prescriber Education Grant Program, which is funded by a multistate settlement of consumer fraud claims regarding the marketing of the prescription drug Neurontin gabapentin.
I've spent nearly a decade reading, " squinching " at, and interpreting health research, and another couple of years looking at why medications cost so much. In my spare time, you'll find me giving unsolicited health advice to friends and family, practicing my asanas, biking, and juggling. Yes, juggling! Sign In. Become a Member. Remember Me. In addition to cost, consider things like:. A link to possible dementia risk was reported in , but a larger confirmatory study in determined that there was no increased risk of dementia from using PPIs.
Many people experience excess acid production when they stop using PPIs. At the end of the recommended treatment duration, you should taper off of the medication gradually. Work with your doctor to do so. Before taking either medication, talk to your doctor to learn about the risk factors and drug interactions associated with them. Always tell your doctor about all the drugs, herbs, and vitamins you take.
Prilosec and Nexium can interact with other medications you might be taking. The U. Food and Drug Administration FDA has issued a warning that the drug in Prilosec reduces the effectiveness of the blood thinner clopidogrel Plavix.
Other drugs can interact with Nexium or Prilosec, but may still be taken with either drug. Tell your doctor if you take any of these drugs so they can evaluate your risk:.
Lifestyle changes should be your first steps in controlling GERD and heartburn. You may want to try:. Over time, long-term GERD can lead to esophageal cancer. GERD gastroesophageal reflux disease is a chronic form of heartburn. Learn about symptoms and treatment. Acid reflux happens when stomach acid backs up into your esophagus. Learn how to prevent and treat it with lifestyle changes, medications, or surgery…. Prilosec and Zantac both reduce acid levels in the stomach to relieve symptoms of acid reflux.
Find out how these drugs are alike and different. Baking soda can temporarily relieve acid reflux. But it can also cause unintended side effects. Find out how much baking soda you should take for acid…. You can help normalize your overactive bladder naturally by avoiding artificial sweeteners, caffeine, and alcohol, losing weight, and performing….
Prokinetics such as bethanechol, cisapride, domperidone, and metoclopramide are treatments for GERD.
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